XF’s Circuit Element Optimizer utilizes full wave analysis to select the component values for a given printed circuit board (PCB) layout. The tool allows design engineers to optimize matching circuit lumped element values directly in the EM layout where the coupling from multiple antennas and the ground return current paths are taken into account. This whitepaper gives an overview of how the Circuit Element Optimizer works and the benefits it provides.
Electromagnetic simulation has been used by RF engineers for many years to aid the design of automotive radar sensors, but the increasing demands of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) are changing the methods used. This paper introduces FDTD’s advantages for automotive radar circuit and systems level designers, including simulation of very large problems, more efficient memory requirements, and the ability to reveal sources of coupling.
This whitepaper demonstrates how XFdtd's time-domain approach enables rapid development by allowing engineers to determine the performance of a fully detailed sensor model installed behind a piece of fascia without needing to build prototypes and run tests in an anechoic chamber. The analysis of a 25 GHz sensor frames the discussion.
To simulate RF devices characterized by the measured S-parameters, the passivity enforcement method is first applied to extracting the rational models. The equivalent circuits can then be generated from the rational models. The RF devices are finally simulated using the FDTD and equivalent circuit co-simulation method. The numerical results of several examples have shown the efficacy and accuracy of the presented approach. The approach can be applied to simulating the broadband features of antennas which includes RF devices, complex geometries and materials in a single run.
Advances in computing resources have made it possible to quickly and accurately model the anti-reflective properties of 3-dimensional sub-wavelength structures. In this paper, the FDTD method was used to model anti-reflective properties of a variety of sub-wavelength structures for 300 to 1300 nm input light.
This presentation demonstrates how the 3D ray tracing code in Wireless InSite can accurately predict received power coverage even in a multi-room environment containing many walls and different materials types. In order to verify the accuracy of the code, the floor plan of Remcom’s business offices was modeled in the software with a WiFi antenna and a third party tool was used to create a coverage plot of the received power throughout several of the suites.
This paper outlines the advantages of FDTD EM simulation for analyzing antenna-in-system designs that include both the antenna package and the automobile body features surrounding the device. An XFdtd simulation of a radar mounted in the rear bumper of a sedan provides the framework for the discussion.
With XFdtd, there is no limit to the resources you can exploit to solve your EM calculations. This report quantifies the performance profile of XF's GPU and MPI technologies. We demonstrate the pros and cons of different combinations of equipment and techniques, including cost considerations for those researching available hardware.
This presentation describes the simulation of a hearing instrument (HI) device. The design was simulated in the presence of a homogeneous SAM phantom and an anatomically correct, heterogeneous head model. The simulation results illustrate the differences between the head models and highlight the more acceptable results for improved device safety.
This study considers the example of designing a broadband antenna for an unattended ground sensor using XFdtd. To address the challenge of attaining acceptable performance over both dry and wet ground conditions, we use Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). XStream GPU Acceleration and MPI + GPU technology make this type of sophisticated simulation strategy possible, completing multiple optimizations with hundreds of generations to converge on the best values.
An effective approach is presented for simulation of thin resistive sheets in FDTD. The approach is based on surface impedance and piecewise linear recursive convolution technique. This approach can be combined with a conformal scheme so that it can be applied to deal with an arbitrarily shaped thin sheet. The simulation results for a couple of examples have shown that the approach is robust, stable and quite accurate.
Uncertainty in structure geometry is a fundamental limitation of ray-tracing methods when simulating urban propagation. We present a hybrid approach using ray-tracing methods and empirically derived loss factors to incorporate the effect of unknown interior layouts. This approach is compared with a more typical empirical implementation to demonstrate the benefits of hybridization.
Heterogeneous, mobile wireless networks are becoming increasingly difficult to validate for operational use. Presented is an approach to reduce the run-time of these high fidelity simulations by constructing precise results based on adjacent ray-paths from a lower resolution simulation. Speed and accuracy trade-offs are presented for this approach in typical urban scenarios, demonstrating its effectiveness in meeting the growing needs of wireless channel emulation.
A fast approach is proposed for estimating the thermal responses of biological bodies due to RF exposures. The approach is based on ANN models. The results obtained from the fast approach agree well with those calculated directly from the thermal solver. The advantage is that the approach is fast and is not dependent on the biological body and mesh sizes.
Accurately characterizing the propagation of RF signals in tunnels is important for rescue, safety, and military purposes. The material composition of the tunnel, the tunnel shape and size, obstructions, and tunnel bends present challenges. In this paper we use Wireless InSite to analyze how tunnel diameter and shape affect the propagation characteristics.
